Logan Temple History: Is a Restoration Project on the Horizon?

THE Logan Temple was the second temple in Utah built by The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. It was dedicated on May 17, 1884. (The St. George Temple had been dedicated just seven years earlier, in 1877.)
The Ogden and Provo temples were opened in 1972-1973, in hopes of postponing remodeling and expansion of both the Logan and Manti temples. That worked for a few years, but usage of the Logan Temple had surged by the mid-1970s.
Initially, Church leaders considered building a new temple in Preston, Idaho. However, at about 27 miles distant from Logan, a temple there was considered too far away from the Cache County base of temple patrons. A remodel was the only option.
(Note that this account is not intended to be a full history of the Logan Temple, but to just concentrate on a summary of the remodeling history.)
According to information from Fred Baker, head of the LDS Church's building program, from 1965-1991, the Logan Temple remodel presented a special challenge -- temple patrons doing endowment work had to travel from room-to-room to complete the process and each room was a step or two higher than the previous room. In fact, endowment patrons started on level one in the temple and ended up on the third level to complete the endowment. That equaled great symbolism in ascending, but complicated any interior remodeling.
The Logan Temple was a historic pioneer temple and like the Salt Lake Temple, had many, many unique paintings and hand-crafted work throughout the building.
Church leaders decided to gut the Logan Temple and redo it to accommodate the video presentation of the endowment. That proved to be an inspired decision.

Baker said the Logan Temple's main structural beam was found to be cracked in two when extensive remodeling work began in 1976. It was surmised that a past earthquake (possibly from the March 27, 1975 Pocatello Valley Idaho quake that was near the Utah-Idaho border and equaled 6.3 in strength).
Thus, if the temple had simply been renovated, the roof could have eventually collapsed ...
(However, of course, the Lord was not going to allow that to happen and hence the extensive remodeling of the Temple.)
Brother Baker said the Church had remodeled all 13 existing temples during his tenure and only the Logan Temple patrons were upset -- they felt their historic temple was being wrecked. (And, when the remodel ended up removing the entire inside and the roof, with the sky showing above, it was indeed an extensive process.)
(Church Architect Emil Fetzer had looked at saving the solemn assembly room in  particular, but decided just propping that section up would make a mishmash of the rest of the temple -- totally redoing the inside was the only way to go.)
Brother Baker said he felt he needed bodyguards when he went to Logan as Church members there were so upset at gutting the temple. He said there were notes placed on his car and also posters about Logan against the remodel process.
The Logan Temple was rededicated on March 13, 1979. All the pioneer era paintings were gone and the Temple inside looked more like the Ogden Temple than the Salt Lake Temple.
The Church did save two of the large paintings and put them in storage. Others were painting on walls and could not be salvaged.
The good news was that using the endowment film meant the temple could handle significantly more patrons and complete much more vicarious work for the dead than before.
-During a Sept. 8, 2018 sealing in the Logan Temple, the sealer stated that there is a strong rumor that a complete or partial restoration of the pioneer aspects of the Logan Temple are being considered now, though there is nothing definite and no timeline yet.
That would likely please many Church members in the Cache Valley. Although the outside of the Logan Temple is historic, the inside of the Temple is far too modern to match its pioneer legacy.
Would the Logan Temple's legendary original "Gold" sealing room -- and more -- return during a possible restoration? Time will tell.

-Note 1: Why the Manti Temple was NOT remodeled with a complete tear out process, like the Logan Temple had. This was because the Daughters of the Utah Pioneers and the Relief Society visited the First Presidency and asked that the Manti Temple only be renovated. Their request was granted and the pioneer aspects of the Manti Temple still remain today as it still lacks a temple endowment film. Obviously too, the Manti Temple's main supports were in better shape than Logan's and had NOT been damaged by an earthquake.

-Note 2: The Author co-wrote the official Ogden Temple history for the Church in 2014 and much of the above information on the Logan Temple was also obtained during that process.

NOTE: This article and all of the NighUntoKolob blog are NOT an official website of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. They are the author's conclusions and opinions only.

'Ministering' Program's Possible Acronym : 'MMM' -- The Triple M Program?

A relief society president was recently heard saying, "That ministering thing," while another member of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints said the "Ministering term sounds more like something another Christian church would espouse rather than the Latter-day Saints."
Such is the confusion surrounding the new program that replaced "Home Teaching" in April of 2018.
There's no doubt the new program is inspired and comes from revelation through President Russell M. Nelson.
However, does the Church need a catchy acronym to help power the new program forward?

How about The Triple M program? --  Mortals Ministering Mortals? OR the 3M program?

Or, Members Ministering Members?

Until the Ministering program was announced, "The ministering of Angels" was about the only use of the term previously in the Church of Jesus Christ.


NOTE: This article and all of the NighUntoKolob blog are NOT an official website of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. They are the author's conclusions and opinions only.

Core danger: Too many Church members don’t know the Standard Works

Members of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints are often among the most trusting and gullible people in the world. They also sometimes believe in doctrines they find on the Web that they should know are false and not even worth reading. A big problem is they sometimes then teach these untruths to other Church members – even in official meetings.

The core problem is that too many Church members these days don’t read the Standard Works – or at best only read The Book of Mormon over and over.

These members are clueless on what doctrines are found in the Old Testament, the Doctrine and Covenants and/or the Pearl of Great Price.

President Harold B. Lee, stated very prophetically about the danger of scriptural ignorance in the Ensign Magazine of December 1972:

“I say that we need to teach our people to find their answers in the scriptures. If only each of us would be wise enough to say that we aren’t able to answer any question unless we can find a doctrinal answer in the scriptures! And if we hear someone teaching something that is contrary to what is in the scriptures, each of us may know whether the things spoken are false—it is as simple as that. But the unfortunate thing is that so many of us are not reading the scriptures. We do not know what is in them, and therefore we speculate about the things that we ought to have found in the scriptures themselves. I think that therein is one of our biggest dangers of today.

When I meet with our missionaries and they ask questions about things pertaining to the temple, I say to them, as I close the discussion, “I don’t dare answer any of your questions unless I can find an answer in the standard works or in the authentic declarations of presidents of the Church.”

The Lord has given us in the standard works the means by which we should measure truth and untruth. May we all heed his word: “Thou shalt take the things which thou hast received, which have been given unto thee in my scriptures for a law, to be my law to govern my church.” (D&C 42:59.)”

NOTE: This article and all of the NighUntoKolob blog are NOT an official website of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. They are the author's conclusions and opinions only.

Is the sub foundation of the Salt Lake Temple composed of granite or sandstone?

DOES the famous and historic Salt Lake Temple actually sit on a base of all granite?

There’s no doubt that a sandstone base, taken from Red Butte Canyon, was the Temple’s original base. But is any of the sandstone still there?

The vast majority of all Internet searches find sources that imply the sandstone base was entirely removed – it is all granite now.

The most authoritative of these sources is from the BYU Religious Studies Center at:

https://rsc.byu.edu/archived/salt-lake-city/4-design-construction-and-role-salt-lake-temple

This report states that the Temple’s foundation was covered as the U.S. Army approached Salt Lake in the summer of 1857.

Then, as the Army threat disappeared, the foundation was uncovered as Temple work was ready to resume.

The BYU Religious Studies history of the Salt Lake Temple then states:

“At this time, President Young examined the newly uncovered foundation and became aware that it was defective. He and his associates noticed large cracks and concluded that its small stones held together with mortar could not carry the massive weight of the temple. On January 1, 1862, he announced that the inadequate foundation would be removed and replaced by one made entirely of granite. The footings would be sixteen feet thick. “I want to see the Temple built in a manner that it will endure through the Millennium,” he later declared. The work of rebuilding the foundation moved slowly, and the walls did not reach ground level until the end of the construction season in 1867, fourteen years after the original cornerstones had been laid.”

However, this report can be supplemented by several Deseret News stories, including a photograph from the early 1960s.

The Deseret News of March 30, 1963 published a photograph of when extensive excavations were made around the base of the Salt Lake Temple. This photograph lists the granite foundation as 14 feet deep (two feet less than the BYU article stated).

It also clearly shows a sandstone sub-foundation still there, underneath the granite foundation.

So, technically both statements of a granite or sandstone base are true.

An earlier Deseret News story on Sept. 8, 1962, stated:

“The story of the foundation and the back-breaking labors of the pioneers who toiled with oxen to haul giant pieces of granite from Cottonwood Canyon quarries to replace an original foundation of sandstone has been told.”

Thus, if there ever was a full foundation of sandstone up to the ground level, then the upper 14 feet of that base had to have been removed and replaced with granite. However, the BYU story stated that the temple structure didn’t rise to ground level until 1867, or 10 years after the threat from the U.S. Army. So, this casts some doubt on a full underground base of sandstone ever existing.

Notwithstanding, it is a fact that some 14 feet to 16 feet of lower sandstone sub-base still remain below ground.

The 1963 Deseret News story stated that the sandstone sub-foundation was 30 feet down. Amazingly, only hand tools, horse and oxen power created that foundation.

This sandstone sub-foundation covers an area of 4,850 square feet.

The photograph also reveals how layered in blocks and even partially eroded the sandstone sub-foundation appears to have been in 1963.

During the 1963 renovation, cement wells and footings were added to replace the previous rocky subsoil. At the same time of the 1963 underground improvements, underground passages were also added.

-“Facts about the Temple” was an Oct. 22, 1891 story on the S.L. Temple in the Salt Lake Herald newspaper. This article accurately mentions the deepest foundations as being sandstone.

“The Salt Lake Temple foundation is not laid of granite from Cottonwood canon (sic), as has been stated, but is of the same kind of sandstone as the temple block wall foundation – we call it firestone – and has never been disturbed or taken up and relayed as has been stated …” the Herald story stated.

The Herald also explained that oxen hauled the sandstone from a spur in the mountain a little south of the mouth of Red Butte Canon (sic), in blocks about three feet thick.

Back to the Deseret News’ 1963 photograph, it does appear to show the three-foot thick sandstone blocks in the sub-foundation.

-One other interesting excerpt from the BYU Religious Studies article on the history of the S.L. Temple is this:

“Because the builders recalled President Young’s desire for this temple to stand through time, the structure was very solid. Even at their tops, the walls were six feet thick, and the granite blocks were individually and skillfully shaped to fit snugly together. Nearly a century later, Elder Mark E. Petersen attested to the soundness of the temple’s construction. He was in the temple when a rather severe earthquake hit, damaging several buildings around the Salt Lake Valley. “As I sat there in that temple I could feel the sway of the quake and that the whole building groaned.” Afterward, he recalled, the engineers “could not find one semblance of damage” anywhere in the temple.”

So, the finished Salt Lake Temple may be more earthquake resistant than some may believe – notwithstanding that sandstone sub-foundation.

-Still one more interesting fact from the BYU Religious Studies article is this:

“Some have suggested that in the Salt Lake Temple, shafts were provided for elevators and spaces left throughout the building for electric conduits and heating ducts even before these technologies were known. Angell Sr., (the temple’s architect) however, certainly would have learned about elevators, which were just coming into use at the time of his 1856 visit to Europe. By the early 1860s, electricity was already being used in Utah for the Deseret Telegraph system. Hence, most of the temple’s interior was designed and built long after these technologies emerged. Although the west center tower proved to be a convenient location for the two main elevators, there is no evidence to suggest that their shafts were planned when there was no knowledge of this technology.”


-Originally published in the Deseret News.

NOTE 1: The term "granite" is a layman's term in this article. Geologists probably have their own different scientific terms.

NOTE 2: Temples can be vulnerable to earthquakes, God permitting. Example: The Logan Temple's main structural beam was found to be cracked in two when extensive remodeling work began in 1976. It was surmised that a past earthquake (possibly from the March 27, 1975 Pocatello Valley Idaho quake that was near the Utah-Idaho border and equaled 6.3 in strength), damaged it.
Thus, if the temple had simply been renovated, the roof could have eventually collapsed. Fortunately, a total rebuilding inside the walls and roof was done.

NOTE 3: It was announced in April of 2019 that the Salt Lake Temple will close at the end of 2019 for approximately 4 years for extensive remodeling. This will be the first remodeling of that temple since 1963, when the photos on this blog were taken. Extensive seismic upgrades will be made -- and the sandstone sub-foundation will surely be exposed again.

NOTE 4: This article and all of the NighUntoKolob blog are NOT an official website of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. They are the author's conclusions and opinions only.

The history of a Temple in Layton, Utah

PRIOR to April 1, 2018, mention anything about a temple in Layton, Utah and you were talking about the Layton Buddhist Temple, 644 East 1000 North in Layton – as that was the lone “temple” inside the City’s boundaries.

This temple opened way back in 1979.

The new Layton Temple of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints will open in June of 2024, giving the city its second "temple."

                      The "Layton Temple," a Buddhist shrine.

Announced on Sunday, April 1, 2018 in General Conference, this temple will be the 19^th in Utah.

                                                        The new Layton Temple.

                                        The artist's rendering of the Layton Temple, before construction.                                             Courtesy of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints.

“We are now pleased to announce plans to construct seven more temples,” said Church of Jesus Christ President Russell M. Nelson during the Sunday, April 1, 2018 afternoon session of General Conference. “Layton, Utah,” President Nelson both smiled and laughed when he announced the name Layton, which was met with awes and cheers.

(In one Layton household, a woman listening to General Conference yelled, “What? What?” after the announcement was made.)
 It was announced on July 15, 2019, that the temple site is indeed where this blog stated it would be 15 months earlier -- the corner of Oaks Hills Drive and Rosewood Lane. It sits on an-11.8 acre site and is 4 stories tall and 87,000-square feet (or 75 percent as large as the Ogden Temple is).

                                               The Layton Temple as viewed from the east.

Mark and Elaine Morgan sold their home and surrounding land to the Church in April of 2018. They have lived there since 1952 and their family homesteaded the property back in the 1850s.

They didn't feel comfortable selling the land to developers, despite many offers over the years.

  The Temple's completion was delayed, nearly two years. This was because of a combination of three different factors:

1. Having to redo some of the roof, walls and windows thicker, to mitigate jet aircraft noise.

2. A shortage of ultra skilled craftsman, to complete the temple.

3. Delays in obtaining necessary building materials.

  The Layton Temple was constructed to withstand an 8.0 earthquake.

  According to some Internet sources, the Layton Temple may also be the last Temple to receive an Angel Moroni Statue atop its tallest spire.

  The Temple's district includes Layton, Kaysville and Fruit Heights.

  The Temple was dedicated on June 16, 2024, by Elder David A. Bednar. It opened on June 18, 2024, for ordinances.

--Here's some Layton Temple trivia:

 Layton Temple Trivia  

 

1.  What was the date when the  LDS Layton Temple was first publicly announced? 

__________________________________________________________________________   

2.   What are the two main streets that surround the Temple?

__________________________________________________________________________

 3.   What is the name of the Layton family who sold the Temple property to the Church?

__________________________________________________________________________

 4.   What is the name of the Temple President ? (Last name accepted)

__________________________________________________________________________

5.   What feature does the Layton Temple have that some new temples lack?

___________________________________________________________________________

6.   How long did it take for the Temple to be Completed?

 __________________________________________________________________________

7.   What is the Local History element incorporated into this Temple?

___________________________________________________________________________

8.    Are the tower spires the same height? 

___________________________________________________________________________

9.    What number is this temple? 

___________________________________________________________________________

10.   The original ground breaking ceremony was to be 5/30/20. What was the actual date and why was it changed?

___________________________________________________________________________

11.   How does the size of the Layton Temple compare to Ogden and Bountiful? (bigger, smaller, same)

___________________________________________________________________________

12.   What are the boundaries that will attend this temple?

___________________________________________________________________________

13.   What facilities is the church removing from temples?       

___________________________________________________________________________

14.   How much does it cost for the church to build a temple?

   ___________________________________________________________________________

15.   What date will the Layton Temple be dedicated and by whom?

    ___________________________________________________________________________

Bonus Question: How many Temples are in operation, construction or  have been announced as of 4/7/2024

 

                                                                                                                                                       

 

Answers for Layton Temple Trivia 

1. On Sunday, April 1, 2018 in General Conference, to be the 19th Temple in Utah, 2nd in Davis County
2. The SW corner of Oaks Hills Drive and Rosewood Lane.
3. Mark and Elaine Morgan sold their home and surrounding land to the Church in April of 2018.Two days before it was announced in General Conference. They had lived there since 1952 and their family homesteaded the property back in the 1850s. They didn't feel comfortable selling the land to developers, despite many offers over the years.
4. President Jay R. Bangerter with Sister Kathleen R. Bangerter as Temple Matron
5. An Angel Moroni Statue. In 2018. Pres Nelson became President of the Church and presented a shift in focus to elimination of the Angel Moroni as a standard. 
6.  Just over 4 years from ground breaking to dedication
7. The cherry tree will be a theme carried throughout the temple in honor of the region's history of fruit production. Round stained-glass windows have been installed in the east and west towers, featuring prominent cherry blossoms. 
8. The west tower, which supports a statue of the angel Moroni, is exactly ten feet taller than the east tower. Spanning an area of 87,000 square feet, the temple stands three stories tall and is constructed with concrete.
9. The Layton Temple is #195
10. The original groundbreaking was held in a small gathering 1 week prior on 5/23/20 due to COVID-19 and the need for small gatherings. There was no public notice. 
11. Only about 78 percent as large as the Ogden Temple is, 112,232 square feet on 9.96 acres; 84 percent the size of the Bountiful Temple, 104,000 square feet on 9 acres. Note that the Layton Temple has more acreage than either temple at 11.8 acres
12. Layton, Kaysville and Fruit Heights   
13.  A cafeteria and most laundry facilities. Patrons are encouraged to have their own temple clothing.  A simple laundry will take care of baptismal clothing. There will be no eating facilities. Temples have proliferated since smaller designed Temples were announced in 1998.
14. Anywhere between 7 million and 70 million dollars.
15. Sunday, June 16, 2024 (Father’s Day), by Elder David E. Bendar of the Quorum of the Twelve. There were 2 sessions  

Bonus Question: 350 Temples are in operation, under construction or have been announced as of 4/7/2024

 (-From Greenleaf Ward Relief Society program, April 2024, by LeAnn Arave.)

Layton, Utah brief history:

-Layton is a relatively “new” city in Utah, based on pioneer settlements, being an outgrowth of Kaysville, Utah.

Layton community residents de-annexed from Kaysville City, from 1902-1907, to become their own, separate unincorporated area. Layton finally incorporated as a town in 1920.

However, the move for Layton to become its own community had actually started a decade earlier in 1892.

According to the Davis County Clipper newspaper of May 6, 1892, members of the Kaysville Second Ward of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints really resided in what most recognized as Layton territory and not Kaysville. Hence, some Church members circulated a petition in 1892, asking Church leaders to rename the ward to what it really is -- the Layton Ward.

"We do not live in Kaysville City, nor Kaysville precinct, and why it is called the 2nd Ward of Kaysville we cannot understand," the newspaper report stated.

Just less than 4 months later, the Ward name change did take place.

“The members of second ward of Kaysville last Sunday decided to change the name to Layton Ward to so as to conform with the precinct and post office And hereafter it will be known by that name.” (-Davis County Clipper, Aug. 31, 1892.)

                                             The Layton Temple when it was under construction.

When Layton became its own official town in 1920, Kaysville’s population was 809, while Layton had less than 400 residents.

Even by 1940, Layton only had half the population of Kaysville, with 646 residents.

It was World War II and rise of area military installations, like Hill Air Force Base, that produced a surge in Layton’s population.

It was probably around 1943 when Layton surpassed Kaysville in total population. By 1950, Layton’s population was 3,456, as compared to 1,898 for Kaysville.

Layton City reached another milestone in 1985, when it surpassed Bountiful as the largest city in Davis County, with an estimated 36,000 residents.

In 2018, Layton has more than 76.000 residents, as compared to Bountiful’s 45,000 and Kaysville’s 32,000 populations.

              

  The Layton Temple site, east of the Smith's Store, near Rosewood and where Oak Hills Drive and Gentile Street split off., BEFORE the Temple was built.

                                Another view of the temple site in Layton, BEFORE construction.

                  Street sign view, with temple site to the right.

     Horses graze on sacred ground, just south of Gentile and Oak Hills streets, before the Temple.

NOTE: This article and all of the NighUntoKolob blog are NOT an official website of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. They are the author's conclusions and opinions only.

Apostolic reflections on the affliction of cancer

ELDER Neal A. Maxwell of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints' Quorum of the Twelve spoke candidly to the Deseret News about his cancer, in 1999, some 5 years before his passing in 2004.

And, contrary to what many people may suspect, he considered his cancerous disease to be more of a blessing than anything else.

Speaking at the annual National Cancer Survivors Day for Utah at Hogle Zoo on June 5, 1999, he said one of the blessings of cancer is that it can help a person sort out the big things from the little things in life.

Here's more of the original Deseret News interview:

"We have a different perspective, a sharper focus," he said about cancer patients. "I've been given by the Lord a delay en route."

Elder Maxwell, age 72 at the time, said hair is one of those things that doesn't seem as important after suffering from cancer. A loving conversation with your family, however, ends up seeming very critical.

He was diagnosed with leukemia three years ago. It was caught fairly early but was progressing very rapidly. He had multiple chemotherapies and ended up spending 46 days in the hospital.

Elder Maxwell was only able to work part time in his church duties until 10 months ago when he regained his strength and returned to full-time status.

"I feel much better now," he said.

He's still receiving some chemotherapy but remains very hopeful.

"Each of us faces an eventual exit route," he said of life.

Elder Maxwell said quite a number of general authorities of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints have been stricken with cancer, including President Spencer W. Kimball, Elder Bruce R. McConkie and President Howard W. Hunter.

"There's no immunity from suffering," he said of church leaders. "Only variation from suffering. How we handle it is the key."

He's especially thankful for the special care his wife, Colleen, whom he describes as a "Florence Nightingale," provided him.

Elder Maxwell said leukemia also has given him a much greater appreciation of the atonement of Jesus Christ. Another blessing he made reference to from his illness was a better capacity to receive help from others.

"We must learn to receive," he said.

He said he also has a greater respect for the doctors and nurses who deal with cancer patients on a daily basis. He credited the advances of medical science for also helping more cancer patients recover.

"I'm wiser by the experience," he said.

The church leader advised cancer patients against wondering why me and why now? He urged patients not to allow tomorrow to overhang today and to continue to avoid self-pity.

He had told the organizers of the event that he wasn't looking for any special treatment or recognition there. He was just glad to attend such an event where special kinship can be felt.

"I draw from their fellowship," he said.

Indeed, he was not dressed in the usual suit and tie apparel of the general authority, but rather a jacket, T-shirt and casual pants. He even carried and sometimes wore a baseball cap.

-Written by Lynn Arave and published in the Deseret News, June 6, 1999.

SIDE NOTE: As a reporter, I was fortunate to be able to speak one-on-one and privately that day with Elder Maxwell for about 7 minutes. I also thought of a great final question just as others noticed Elder Maxwell and came flooding over, swamping him in a sea of zoo-goers -- and it was interview over. I don’t recall what that unasked query was, but I guess I was not supposed to ask it ….

Some years later, I would attend a memorial service for Elder Maxwell (not sponsored by the LDS Church) at the University of Utah. I was surprised how well he had impressed many non-members of the Church. I’m sure he is currently reaching out to many others now in the Spirit World, as perhaps only his gentle, poetic style can do. --Lynn Arave.

NOTE: This article and all of the NighUntoKolob blog are NOT an official website of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. They are the author's conclusions and opinions only.

Not enough Church members partake of the ‘meat’ of the Gospel?

                           One of W. Cleon Skousen's doctrinal books (and still for sale on Amazon).

NOT enough members of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints partake of the meat of the gospel, W. Cleon Skousen, Church author/scholar, said.

He spoke on April 3, 2003 to the B'nai Shalom group of Jewish converts at their semiannual meeting on "Lessons I've Learned from Life" at the Capitol Hill First Ward Chapel of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints.

Skousen, then age 90, was energetic and focused. (He died less than 3 years later in 2006.)

"I plead with you," he said. "Take the time to get into the meat."

Skousen has written 42 books on Church doctrine and teachings, and he said they all touch on meaty aspects of the gospel. It was Elder John A. Widtsoe, a Church apostle from 1921 to '52, who taught him to study. Skousen believes Elder Widtsoe understood the gospel of Jesus Christ better than any other apostle of his time.

He said a key difference is that milk eaters of the gospel only ask "what" to do next, while meat eaters also ask "why."

"A few Saints get to the meat level," Skousen said. "The why and the how people are the ones that are really progressing in the gospel."

Why don't more get into the meat?

"Because most people aren't interested in meat," he said.

"There are some boring speakers. That's 'cause they get on milk and can't get off it. . . . It's the duty of everyone to be a good sacrament meeting speaker."

He said the big test in life is to endure to the end, but many are too busy with sporting events — even on Sunday — to do that.

"Don't let the holy day become a holiday."

Exercise, or just doing what the Lord has told you to do, is also essential.

"Church service is so important, and we should be active in the community, too."

Skousen also said he's a firm constitutionalist and initially believed it was wrong to be pre-emptive with Iraq and go to war over there.

"But I feel good about it now. . . . Serve your country."

Regarding keeping a year's supply of food, he advises those with old and outdated storage to just throw it away and start over.

"The wonderful thing is that you didn't have to use it," he said.

Skousen also advises church members to keep journals and said he has 150 journals outlining many details of his own life.

"We have a lot of things we have to sharpen up."

He's keen on both the leadership and progress of the church today.

"What a magnificent (church) leadership we have today. I see nothing but progress happening in the kingdom."

Skousen also touched briefly on his service as Salt Lake City's police chief in the mid-1950s by saying it wasn't his idea — Church President David O. McKay asked him to do it.

He also was a longtime professor in the department of religion at Brigham Young University.

-Witten by Lynn Arave and published in the Deseret News, April 12, 2003.

NOTE: This article and all of the NighUntoKolob blog are NOT an official website of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. They are the author's conclusions and opinions only.